The District Chronicles

Issue date: 10/4/09 Section: Health

(NNPA) - When Nation of Islam leader Minister Louis Farrakhan was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 1991 at age 58, it was a public wake up call for African-American men to learn more about the disease and be tested. Heeding that call is what saved Alim Muhammad's life. Most men usually start prostate cancer screenings in their 50s; Black men are screened in their 40s. Although he was a few years shy of 40, Muhammad, a 37-year-old letter carrier from Fairview Heights, Illinois, decided to take Farrakhan's advice and get the prostate-specific antigen test (PSA) when he had his annual physical around his birthday last year.

"So when I came back for my results in July, my PSA was up," Muhammad said. The PSA test is a blood test that looks for high levels of a protein produced by cells in the prostate. When he took the PSA test the second time, his numbers were climbing.

Digital rectal exams (DRE) indicated an enlarged prostate. The PSA and DRE cannot diagnose cancer - they suggest whether further testing is needed. Muhammad went from doctors in Belleville and O'Fallon, Illinois, to a specialist in St. Louis.

"My urologist, Dr. Arnold Bullock, who works over there at BJC Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center - after we did further testing in August - September is when I found out that I had an aggressive form of prostate cancer."

Prostate cancers (through microscopic examination) are assigned a grade to the two areas that make up most of the cancer. These two grades are added together to yield the Gleason score, which is a number between 2 and 10. The higher your Gleason score, the more likely it is the cancer will grow and quickly spread.

It is uncertain why African-American men have such a high incidence of prostate cancer - 60 percent higher than White men and significantly higher than other races, although increased age, family history and race/ethnicity are factors. It is the second leading cause of cancer death for Black men in the U.S. lung cancer is first.

"I'm a vegetarian - I don't smoke, I don't drink -I live a pretty moderate lifestyle and as far as I know there is no history of prostate cancer in my family, but I ended up with the disease," he said of becoming the one in 10,000 under the age of 40 to be diagnosed with prostate cancer. Because the cancer was at stage 2, Muhammad decided on a radical prostatectomy, surgical removal of the prostate.

"I was blessed not to have chemo or radiation, but I am on some medication," Muhammad said.

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